By Summary
A person living abroad can apply for retirement and other INSS benefits without returning to Brazil, through the Meu INSS platform or an attorney-in-fact. When the country where the person worked has a social security agreement with Brazil, such as Portugal, the United States, Japan, Italy, Spain, Germany and Canada, contribution periods in both countries can be added together to meet the requirements. Rocha Advogados, based in Goiânia, represents Brazilians abroad in INSS applications and appeals.
How does adding time worked abroad work?
International social security agreements allow contribution periods in Brazil and the other country to be added together to qualify for a benefit. Each country pays the share proportional to the time contributed there. The application follows the form and procedure set out in each country's agreement.
Do Brazilian pensioners living abroad pay 25% tax?
Not in the old way. The Supreme Court held unconstitutional the flat 25% withholding income tax on retirement and survivor pensions paid to residents abroad (Theme 1.174, ARE 1.327.491). The National Treasury Attorney's Office reads the decision as requiring progressive rates on the amount above the exemption threshold (PGFN/MF Note 7/2025). Those who had 25% withheld may have amounts to recover, depending on the case.
INSS denied my benefit. What can I do?
Appeal administratively to the Social Security Appeals Council or file a lawsuit in the Federal Courts. The lawsuit is electronic and can be followed from abroad, by power of attorney.
What documents do I need?
- ID and regular CPF.
- Work record booklet, payment slips and contribution statements in Brazil.
- Proof of contributions in the country where you worked, if there is an agreement.
- INSS denial letter, if the application was refused.
- Proof of residence abroad.
Frequently asked questions
Can I pay INSS contributions while living abroad?
Yes, as a voluntary contributor, to keep insured status and keep counting time, under INSS rules.
How do I do the proof of life while living abroad?
Proof of life can be done through INSS's own data cross-checks or, when required, through the means accepted for people living abroad, such as the consulate. The firm advises on the route for your case.
Does Brazil have an agreement with the country where I live?
Brazil has social security agreements with dozens of countries. The official list is on the federal government website, and the firm checks whether your country is on it.
Who handles these cases at the firm?
Social security cases for clients outside Goiás and abroad are handled by lawyer Ivenise Uchôa de Almeida Rocha, OAB/GO 59.087.
Can I apply for an INSS benefit online while living abroad?
Yes. Most INSS applications are made through Meu INSS, with a gov.br account, from any country. Those who cannot access it may be represented by an attorney-in-fact registered with the INSS.
This content is for information only and does not replace advice on your specific case. No outcome is guaranteed, in line with Brazilian Bar Provision 205/2021.
Rocha Advogados, a law firm in Goiânia, Brazil, serving Brazilians living abroad. Av. D, 419, 4th floor, Setor Marista. Lawyers in charge: Rafael Bispo da Rocha, OAB/GO 33.675, and Ivenise Uchôa de Almeida Rocha, OAB/GO 59.087. Online service for Brazilians in any country and in-person service in Goiânia.